Cisco CCNA 2 Exploration

1. Which two statements correctly describe the concepts of administrative distance and metric? (Choose two.)

• Administrative distance refers to the trustworthiness of a particular route.
• A router first installs routes with higher administrative distances.
• The value of the administrative distance can not be altered by the network administrator.
• Routes with the smallest metric to a destination indicate the best path.
• The metric is always determined based on hop count.
• The metric varies depending which Layer 3 protocol is being routed, such as IP or IPX.

2. Refer to the exhibit. Which statement correctly describes how R1 will determine the best path to R2?

• R1 will install a RIP route using network A in its routing table because the administrative distance of RIP is higher than EIGRP.
• R1 will install a RIP route using network A in its routing table because the path cost from RIP is lower than EIGRP.
• R1 will install an EIGRP route using network B in its routing table because the administrative distance of EIGRP is lower than RIP.
• R1 will install an EIGRP route using network B in its routing table because the path cost from EIGRP is lower than RIP.
• R1 will install an EIGRP route and a RIP route in its routing table and load balance between them.

3. Which two statements are true regarding classless routing protocols? (Choose two.)

• sends subnet mask information in routing updates
• sends complete routing table update to all neighbors
• is supported by RIP version 1
• allows for use of both 192.168.1.0/30 and 192.168.1.16/28 subnets in the same topology
• reduces the amount of address space available in an organization

4. Which command would the network administrator issue to determine if load balancing is in effect on a router?

• show ip protocols
• show ip route
• show ip interface brief
• show ip interface

 

 

5. Which statement is true regarding routing protocols?

• RIP uses hop count and bandwidth as the metric for path selection and sendsupdates periodically.
• OSPF is a Cisco proprietary protocol that sends updates triggered by topology changes.
• EIGRP uses DUAL to calculate the shortest path and can be configured to do unequal cost load balancing.
• BGP is a path vector interior routing protocol.

6. Which two conditions would create a setting where the use of a distance-vector routing protocol would be efficient? (Choose two.)

• the network requires a special hierarchical design
• fast convergence of the network is crucial
• the network is using a hub and spoke topology
• the network is using a flat design
• there are more than 15 hops between the most distant routers

7. What is the purpose of a routing protocol?

• It is used to build and maintain ARP tables.
• It provides a method for segmenting and reassembling data packets.
• It allows an administrator to devise an addressing scheme for the network.
• It allows a router to share information about known networks with other routers.
• It provides a procedure for encoding and decoding data into bits for packet forwarding.

 

 

8. Which of the following best describes the operation of distance vector routing protocols?

• They use hop count as their only metric.
• They only send out updates when a new network is added.
• They send their routing tables to directly connected neighbors.
• They flood the entire network with routing updates.

9. Which of the following is associated with link-state routing protocols?

• low processor overhead
• poison reverse
• routing loops
• split horizon
• shortest-path first calculations

10. Why is fast convergence desirable in networks that use dynamic routing protocols?

• Routers will not allow packets to be forwarded until the network has converged.
• Hosts are unable to access their gateway until the network has converged.
• Routers may make incorrect forwarding decisions until the network has converged.
• Routers will not allow configuration changes to be made until the network has converged.

11. Which of the following conditions must be met in order for a network to have converged?

• The routers in the network are operating with dynamic routing protocols.
• The routers in the network are operating with compatible versions of IOS.
• The routers in the network are operating with the same routing tables.
• The routers in the network are operating with consistent routing knowledge.

 

 

12. Which two statements are true regarding metrics? (Choose two.)

• RIP uses bandwidth as a metric.
• OSPF uses delay as a metric.
• EIGRP uses bandwidth as a metric.
• OSPF uses cost based on bandwidth as a metric.
• RIP uses delay as a metric.
• EIGRP uses hop count only as a metric.

 

13. Which two statements are true regarding the advantages of the use of static routes? (Choose two).

• increased security
• reduced effort in configuring routes
• the administrator maintains control over routing
• easier to implement in a growing network
• reduces the chance of routing errors
• increased router resource usage

 

14. The following line of code is displayed in a routing table:

R 209.165.201.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.252.2, 00:00:16, S0/0/0

What can be concluded from this output?

• A packet destined for host 192.168.252.2 will be forwarded out the interface connected to network 209.165.201.0/24.
• The value, 120, is used to determine the best path when a router has more than one routing protocol configured for the same destination network.
• This route was manually configured using the ip route command.
• 192.168.252.2 is an interface on the router that produced this output.

15. What will be the result of the following commands?

ORL(config)# interface fastethernet 0/0
ORL(config-if)# ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
ORL(config-if)# no shutdown

• The 172.16.3.0 network will be routed by any dynamic routing protocol automatically.
• A routing table entry is made to the 172.16.3.0 network with a code of “C”.
• A static route is required to route traffic to the 172.16.3.0 network.
• The commands will be saved to the startup-configuration

 

16. An engineer creates a static route by entering the Router(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 command. What can be concluded about this route?

• The administrative distance of this route is 1.
• 192.168.1.2 is the address of an interface on this router.
• This route will display as a directly connected network in the routing table.
• Packets with a destination IP address of 192.168.1.2 will be forwarded to the 10.0.0.0/24 network first.

 

 

17.

 

Refer to the exhibit. Router1 and Router2 are running EIGRP. All interfaces are operational and packets can be forwarded between all networks. What information will be found in the routing table for Router1?

• Router1 will have 6 directly connected networks.
• The administrative distance of the route to network 172.16.0.0 will be 90.
• The metric for routes to 172.16.0.0 will be 1.
• The interface that is used to forward packets to 172.16.0.0 will always be the S0/1 interface

18 The following line of code is present in the routing table:

O 10.16.1.0/27 [110/129] via 192.168.1.5, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/1

What does the number 129 indicate in this output?

• The cost for this link has a value of 129.
• The clock rate on this serial interface is set to 129,000.
• The next-hop router is 129 hops away from this router.
• This route has been updated 129 times in this routing table.

19. A growing medium-sized manufacturing company recently began to have routing instability issues. The company uses static routes and has a mixture of over 30 Cisco and non-Cisco routers. The network administrator has decided to convert the network to dynamic routing. What characteristics of protocols should be considered in this selection process?

• Distance vector routing protocols, such as RIP, converge more quickly than do link-state routing protocols.
• EIGRP can be used on all of the routers in the company.
• OSPF can be used between the routers.
• An exterior routing protocol, such as BGP, is recommended for growing companies.

20.

 

Refer to the exhibit. If RIP is the routing protocol, what is the value of the metric from router A to network 192.168.5.0/24?

• 3
• 4
• 56
• 624
• 724

 

 

21. A router learns two paths with equal metrics to a destination network via the RIP routing protocol. How will the router handle packets to the destination network?

• The router will install the first route it learned into the routing table.
• The router will install both routes in the routing table and load balance between the two.
• The router will put the first route in the routing table, and denote the second route as a backup route.
• The router will pick the path with the higher bandwidth and will place it in the routing table

 

1. What two devices are responsible for converting the data from the WAN service provider into a form acceptable by the router? (Choose two).

• the serial port of the router
• a modem
• a switch
• the ethernet port of the router
• a CSU/DSU device
• a DTE device

2. Refer to the exhibit. Which set of commands will configure static routes that will allow the WinterPark and the Altamonte routers to deliver packets from each LAN and direct all other traffic to the Internet?

• WinterPark(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.146.1
   Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
   Altamonte(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/1
• WinterPark(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.146.1
   Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
   Altamonte(config)# ip route 198.18.222.0 255.255.255.255 s0/1
• WinterPark(config)# ip route 172.191.67.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.1
• WinterPark(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.146.1
   Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
• WinterPark(config)# ip route 172.191.67.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.1
   Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
   Altamonte(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0

3. What happens to a static route entry in a routing table when the outgoing interface is not available?

• The route is removed from the table.
• The router polls neighbors for a replacement route.
• The route remains in the table because it was defined as static.
• The router redirects the static route to compensate for the loss of the next hop device.

4. A static route that points to the next hop IP will have what administrative distance and metric in the routing table?

• administrative distance of 0 and metric of 0
• administrative distance of 0 and metric of 1
• administrative distance of 1 and metric of 0
• administrative distance of 1 and metric of 1

5. Which address can be used to summarize networks 172.16.0.0/24 thru 172.16.7.0/24?

• 172.16.0.0/21
• 172.16.1.0/22
• 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.248
• 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0

 

6. Refer to the exhibit. Given the output in the exhibit, how would a clock rate be determined for this link?

• The rate would be negotiated by both routers.
• A rate would not be selected due to the DCE/DTE connection mismatch.
• The rate configured on the DTE determines the clock rate.
• The rate configured on the DCE determines the clock rate.

7. Hosts on two separate subnets cannot communicate. The network administrator suspects a missing route in one of the routing tables. Which three commands can be used to help troubleshoot Layer 3 connectivity issues? (Choose three.)

• ping
• show arp
• traceroute
• show ip route
• show interface
• show cdp neighbor detail

8. Which piece of information is available from examining the output of the command show ip interface brief?

• Interface speed and duplex
• Interface MTU
• Errors
• Interface MAC address
• Interface IP address

 

 9. Refer to the exhibit. What two commands will change the next-hop address for the 10.0.0.0/8 network from 172.16.40.2 to 192.168.1.2? (Choose two.)

• A(config)# no network 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
• A(config)# no ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
• A(config)# no ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
• A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s0/0/0
• A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.168.1.2

10. Refer to the exhibit. What is the significance of the /8 in the route to the 10.0.0.0 network?

• It indicates that there are 8 hops between this router and the 10.0.0.0 network.
• It represents the time, in milliseconds, it takes for a ping to reply when sent to the 10.0.0.0 network.
• It indicates that there are 8 subnets in the destination network to which the router can forward packets.
• It indicates the number of consecutive bits, from the left, in the destination IP address of a packet that must match 10.0.0.0 to use that route.

11. A router has one static route to each destination network. Which two scenarios would require an administrator to alter the static routes that are configured on that router? (Choose two.)

• The destination network no longer exists.
• The destination network is moved to a different interface on the same router.
• The path between the source and destination is upgraded with a higher bandwidth link.
• A topology change occurs where the existing next-hop address or exit interface is not accessible.
• The remote destination network interface has to be down for 15 minutes of maintenance.

12. Refer to the exhibit. Which static route should be configured on Router1 so that host A will be able to reach host B on the 172.16.0.0 network?

• ip route 192.168.0.0 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0
• ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.0.1
• ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 S0/0/1
• ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 S0/0/0

13. What address can be used to summarize networks 172.16.0.0/24 tru 172.16.7.0/24?

• 172.16.0.0/21
• 172.16.1.0/22
• 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.248
• 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0

14. A network administrator enters the following command into Router1: ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 S0/1/0. Router1 then receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.0.22/24. After finding the recently configured static route in the routing table, what does Router1 do next to process the packet?

• drops the packet because the destination host is not listed in the routing table
• looks up the MAC address of the S0/1/0 interface to determine the destination MAC address of the new frame
• performs a recursive lookup for the IP address of the S0/1/0 interface before forwarding the packet
• encapsulates the packet into a frame for the WAN link and forwards the packet out the S0/1/0 interface

15. Which two statements describe functions or characteristics of CDP? (Choose two.)

• It starts up automatically and allows the device to detect directly connected neighbor devices that use CDP.
• It operates at the network layer and allows two systems to learn about each other.
• It creates a topology map of the entire network.
• It allows systems to learn about each other even if different network layer protocols are configured.
• It forwards advertisements about routes for faster convergence.

16. Refer to the exhibit. A company network engineer is assigned to establish connectivity between the two Ethernet networks so that hosts on the 10.1.1.0/24 subnet can contact hosts on the 10.1.2.0/24 subnet. The engineer has been told to use only static routing for these company routers. Which set of commands will establish connectivity between the two Ethernet networks?

• R1(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
   R2(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
• R1(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
   R2(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
• R1(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
   R2(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
• R1(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
   R2(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
• R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.2.1
   R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1

17. The output of the Router# show interfaces serial 0/1 command displays the following:

Serial0/1 is up, line protocol is down.
What is the most likely cause for the line protocol being down?

• Serial0/1 is shutdown.
• There is no cable connecting the routers.
• The remote router is using serial 0/0.
• No clock rate has been set.

18. Which of the following is true regarding CDP and the graphic shown?

• CDP running on Router D will gather information about routers A, B, C, and E.
• By default, Router A will receive CDP advertisements from routers B and C.
• If routers D and E are running different routing protocols, they will not exchange CDP information.
• Router E can use CDP to identify the IOS running on Router B.

19. Why is it advisable to enter a next-hop IP address when creating a static route whose exit interface is an Ethernet network?

• Adding the next-hop address eliminates the need for the router to do any lookups in the routing table before forwarding a packet.
• In a multi-access network, the router cannot determine the next-hop MAC address for the Ethernet frame without a next-hop address.
• Using a next-hop address in a static route provides a route with a lower metric.
• In multi-access networks, using a next-hop address in a static route makes that route a candidate default route.

20. Refer to the exhibit. How will packets destined to the 172.16.0.0 network be forwarded?

• Router1 will perform recursive lookup and packet will exit S0/0.
• Router1 will perform recursive lookup and packet will exit S0/1.
• There is no matching interface associated with network 172.16.0.0 so packets will be dropped.
• There is no matching interface associated with network 172.16.0.0 so packets will take gateway of last resort and exit out S0/2.

21. Which of the following are displayed by the Router# show cdp neighbors command? (Choose three.)

• load
• platform
• reliability
• holdtime
• local interface

 

22. Refer to the exhibit. What two commands are required to provide connectivity between the 192.168.1.0 and 10.0.0.0 networks without requiring recursive lookup? (Choose two.)

• A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s 0/1/0
• A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
• A (config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s 0/0/0
• B(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 s 0/0/0
• B (config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.1
• B(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 s 0/1/0

 

 

1. If a router cannot find a valid configuration file during the startup sequence, what will occur?

• The startup sequence will reset.
• The router will prompt the user for a response to enter setup mode.
• The startup sequence will halt until a valid configuration file is acquired.
• The router will generate a default configuration file based on the last valid configuration.
• The router will monitor local traffic to determine routing protocol configuration requirements.

 

2. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has configured the router with the interface IP addresses shown for the directly connected networks. Pings from the router to hosts on the connected networks or pings between router interfaces are not working. What is the most likely problem?

• The destination networks do not exist.
• The IP addresses on the router interfaces must be configured as network addresses and not host addresses.
• The interfaces must be enabled with the no shutdown command.
• Each interface must be configured with the clock rate command.

3. Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the routing table output in the exhibit? (Choose two.)

• This router only has two interfaces.
• The router interfaces are not operational yet.
• This router is configured to forward packets to remote networks.
• The FastEthernet0/0 and Serial0/0/0 interfaces of this router were configured with an IP address and the no shutdown command.
• An IP packet received by this router with a destination address of 198.18.9.1 will be forwarded out of the Serial0/0/0 interface.

4. Refer to the exhibit. The frame shown in the exhibit was received by the router. The router interfaces are operational. How will the router process this frame? (Choose two.)

• The router will change the source and destination IP address in the packet before forwarding the frame.
• The router will change the frame type to one supported by the WAN link before forwarding the frame.
• The router will use the destination MAC address to determine which interface to forward the packet.
• The router will look up the MAC address of the S0/0/0 interface in the ARP table and add it to the frame before forwarding.
• The frame was received on the Fa0/0 interface of the router and will be switched to the S0/0/0 interface.
• The frame was received on the S0/0/0 interface of the router and will be switched to the Fa0/0 interface.

5. Passwords can be used to restrict access to all or parts of the Cisco IOS. Select the modes and interfaces that can be protected with passwords. (Choose three.)

• VTY interface
• console interface
• Ethernet interface
• secret EXEC mode
• privileged EXEC mode
• router configuration mode

6. Which two statements correctly describe the components of a router? (Choose two.)
• RAM permanently stores the configuration file used during the boot sequence.
• ROM contains diagnostics executed on hardware modules.
• NVRAM stores a backup copy of the IOS used during the boot sequence.
• Flash memory does not lose its contents during a reboot.
• ROM contains the most current and most complete version of the IOS.
• Flash contains boot system commands to identify the location of the IOS

 

7.Refer to the exhibit. After host 2 is connected to the switch on the LAN, host 2 is unable to communicate with host 1. What is the cause of this problem?
• The subnet mask of host 2 is incorrect.
• Host 1 and host 2 are on different networks.
• The switch needs an IP address that is not configured.
• The router LAN interface and host 1 are on different networks.
• The IP address of host 1 is on a different network than is the LAN interface of the router.

8. Which are functions of a router? (Choose three.)
• packet switching
• extension of network segments
• segmentation of broadcast domains
• selection of best path based on logical addressing
• election of best path based on physical addressing

 

9. Refer to the exhibit. All routers have a route in its routing table to each network that is shown in the exhibit. Default routes have not been issued on these routers. What can be concluded about how packets are forwarded in this network? (Choose two.)
• If RouterC receives a packet that is destined for 10.5.1.1, it will be forwarded out interface Fa0/0.
• If RouterA receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.3.146, it will be forwarded out interface S0/0/1.
• If RouterB receives a packet that is destined for 10.5.27.15, it will be forwarded out interface S0/0/1.
• If RouterB receives a packet that is destined for 172.20.255.1, it will be forwarded out interface S0/0/0.
• If RouterC receives a packet that is destined for 192.16.5.101, it will be forwarded out interface S0/0/1.

10. The serial connection shown in the graphic needs to be configured. Which configuration commands must be made on the Sydney router to establish connectivity with the Melbourne site? (Choose three.)
• Sydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.2 255.255.255.0
• Sydney(config-if)# no shutdown
• Sydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.1 255.255.255.224
• Sydney(config-if)# clock rate 56000
• Sydney(config-if)# ip host Melbourne 201.100.53.2

 

11. Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the output of the running-configuration of a router?

• The passwords are encrypted.
• The current configuration was saved to NVRAM.
• The configuration that is shown will be the one used on the next reboot.
• The commands that are displayed determine the current operation of the router.

12. Refer to the exhibit. Host A pings host B. When R4 accepts the ping into the Ethernet interface, what two pieces of header information are included? (Choose two.)

• source IP address: 192.168.10.129
• source IP address: BBBB.3333.5677
• destination IP address: 192.168.10.33
• destination IP address: 192.168.10.134
• destination MAC address: 9999.DADC.1234

13. What is the outcome of entering these commands?

R1(config)# line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)# password check123
R1(config-line)# login
• ensures that a password is entered before entering user EXEC mode
• sets the password to be used for connecting to this router via Telnet
• requires check123 to be entered before the configuration can be saved
• creates a local user account for logging in to a router or switch

14. Which of the following is the correct flow of routines for a router startup?

• load bootstrap, load IOS, apply configuration
• load bootstrap, apply configuration, load IOS
• load IOS, load bootstrap, apply configuration, check hardware
• check hardware, apply configuration, load bootstrap, load IOS

15. What three processes does a router execute when it receives a packet from one network that is destined for another network? (Choose three.)

• decapsulates the Layer 3 packet by stripping off the Layer 2 frame header
• uses the destination MAC Address in the IP Header to look up the next-hop address in the routing table
• leaves the Layer 2 frame header intact when decapsulating the Layer 3 packet
• uses the destination IP Address in the IP header to look up the next-hop address in the routing table
• encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into the new Layer 2 frame and forwards it out the exit interface
• encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into a special Layer 1 frame and forwards it to the exit interface

16. The network administrator needs to connect two routers directly via their FastEthernet ports. What cable should the network administrator use?

• straight-through
• rollover
• cross-over
• serial

17. Which two statements describe characteristics of load balancing? (Choose two.)

• Load balancing occurs when a router sends the same packet to different destination networks. Load balancing occurs when a router sends the same packet to different destination networks.
• Load balancing allows a router to forward packets over multiple paths to the same destination network.
• Unequal cost load balancing is supported by EIGRP.
• If multiple paths with different metrics to a destinations exist, the router cannot support load balancing.

18. What information about the router and its startup process can be gathered from the output of the show version command? (Choose three.)

• the last restart method
• the command buffer contents
• the amount of NVRAM and FLASH used
• the configuration register settings
• the location from where the IOS loaded

19. Which interfaces in the exhibit could be used for a leased line WAN connection? (Choose two.)

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5
• 6

20. From what location can a router load the Cisco IOS during the boot process? (Choose two.)

• RAM
• TFTP server
• NVRAM
• setup routine
• Flash memory
• terminal

21. A network administrator has just entered new configurations into Router1. Which command should be executed to save configuration changes to NVRAM?

• Router1# copy running-config flash
• Router1(config)# copy running-config flash
• Router1# copy running-config startup-config
• Router1(config)# copy running-config startup-config
• Router1# copy startup-config running-config
• Router1(config)# copy startup-config running-config

22. What is the default sequence for loading the configuration file?

• NVRAM, FLASH, ROM
• FLASH, TFTP,CONSOLE
• NVRAM, TFTP, CONSOLE
• FLASH, TFTP, ROM

23. What header address information does a router change in the information it receives from an attached Ethernet interface before information is transmitted out another interface?

• only the Layer 2 source address
• only the Layer 2 destination address
• only the Layer 3 source address
• only the Layer 3 destination address
• the Layer 2 source and destination address
• the Layer 3 source and destination address